What condition is often diagnosed through the study of pathology?

Infection is often diagnosed through the study of pathology because pathology involves the examination of tissues, cells, and bodily fluids to understand the presence of disease. When a patient is suspected of having an infection, samples such as blood, urine, or tissue may be taken and analyzed microscopically or through various laboratory tests. Pathologists look for signs of infectious agents like bacteria, viruses, or fungi and assess the host's immune response to these pathogens.

Pathology provides crucial insights into the nature and extent of an infection, including the identification of specific pathogens and the pathophysiological changes they cause in the body. This information is essential for making an accurate diagnosis and determining the most effective treatment options for the patient.

In contrast, a healthy lifestyle is characterized by the absence of disease, a routine physical primarily assesses overall health without in-depth analysis of specific diseases, and cardiac arrest is a medical emergency that may require immediate intervention rather than diagnostic pathology.