What is the primary function of the scapula?

The primary function of the scapula, also known as the shoulder blade, is to enable movement of the arm. It serves as a critical connection between the upper arm bone (humerus) and the rest of the body, facilitating various arm movements such as lifting, reaching, and rotating. The scapula has several attachments for muscles that are essential for shoulder and arm mobility, including the rotator cuff muscles.

By providing a stable base for these muscles, the scapula plays a vital role in allowing the arm to move in multiple directions and perform complex movements required for daily activities and tasks. While supporting breathing, protecting the heart and lungs, and filtering blood are important functions of other anatomical structures, they are not the primary roles of the scapula.