What is the process of inhalation?

Inhalation is primarily an active process, which involves the expansion of the chest cavity to allow air to enter the lungs. During inhalation, the diaphragm, which is a dome-shaped muscle at the base of the chest cavity, contracts and moves downward. This contraction increases the volume of the thoracic cavity. Additionally, the intercostal muscles, located between the ribs, also contract, pulling the ribcage upward and outward. These actions create a negative pressure within the thoracic cavity relative to the atmospheric pressure, causing air to rush into the lungs.

This phenomenon highlights the necessity of muscular activity during inhalation. In contrast, exhalation can often be a passive process, where the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, allowing the lungs to recoil and push air out. Understanding the active nature of inhalation is crucial for combat medics, as it is important for assessing a patient's breathing and administering life-saving interventions when necessary.